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Table 4 Percentage resistance demonstrated by S. aureus isolates to selected antibiotics

From: Staphylococcus aureus contamination of animal-derived foods in Nigeria: a systematic review, 2002—2022

Study (n)

Method

CIP

ERY

AMX

MET

OXA

GEN

CHL

SXT

TET

AMP

PEN

VAN

AUG

S

FOX

CTR

Abdulrahman et al. 2018 (135)

KBD

100%

60.7%

-

-

-

86.7%

77.8%

52.0%

68.1%

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Achi and Madubuike 2007 (120)

KBD

5.8%

0.8%

2.9%

-

-

49.2%

-

-

59.2%

-

-

-

-

60.0%

-

-

Yakubu et al. 2020 (9)

KBD

0.0%

55.6%

-

-

-

0.0%

22.2%

33.3%

66.7%

0.0%

-

11.1%

0.0%

-

0.0%

-

Beshiru et al. 2021 (53)

NS

-

79.2%

-

-

-

-

-

79.2%

83.0%

-

100.0%

-

-

-

-

-

Bodunde et al. 2019 (26)

KBD

73.1%

69.2%

38.5%

-

-

69.2%

-

42.3%

-

57.7%

-

-

-

61.5%

-

-

Efuntoye et al. 2012 (11)

KBD

0.0%

66.7%

66.7%

-

-

40.0%

53.3%

20.0%

40.0%

73.3%

-

-

-

46.7%

-

-

Esonu et al. 2021 (28)

KBD

-

-

-

-

100.0%

14.3%

21.4%

-

64.3%

-

-

57.1%

-

-

-

39.3%

Umaru et al. 2014 (20)

KBD

0.0%

50.0%%

65.0%%

40.0%%

40.0%

40.0%

0.0%

10.0%

50.0%

-

100.0%

100.0%

-

-

-

-

Grema et al. 2015 (38)

KBD

94.7%

23.7%

-

NS

76.3%

89.5%

7.9%

7.9%

68.4%

-

-

-

-

-

100.0%

-

Adesokan et al. 2020 (76)

KBD

10.5%

93.4%

-

-

-

26.3%

92.1%

-

65.8%

100.0%

-

-

31.6%

82.9%

-

Yes

Igbinosa et al. 2016b (30)

KBD

-

90.0%

100.0%

100.0%

-

0.0%

100.0%

100.0%

-

-

100.0%

13.3%

-

-

-

-

Amaeze et al. 2016 (27)

KBD

-

25.9%

22.2%

-

-

0.0%

7.4%

-

18.5%

-

-

29.6%

-

0.0%

-

-

Ogofure and Igbinosa 2021

KBD

6.0%

94.0%

-

-

-

62.5%

-

81.0%

-

-

-

-

87.5%

-

-

44.0%

Ogundipe et al. 2020 (56)

MIC

33.9%

28.6%

-

-

-

32.1%

-

10.7%

60.7%

-

-

0.0

-

-

-

-

Okpo et al. 2017 (14)

KBD

7.14%

64.3%

-

-

-

0

7.1%

35.7%

85.7%

-

-

50.0%

64.3%

-

64.3%

-

Bello et al. 2013 (24)

KBD

16.7%

4.2%

37.5%

-

-

45.8%

12.5%

-

29.2%

-

-

-

-

29.2%

-

-

Omoshaba et al. 2020 (52)

KBD

23.1%

65.4%

-

-

-

17.3%

-

100.0%

-

100.0%

-

-

80.8%

38.5%

-

75%

Owuna et al. 2015 (29)

KBD

17.3%

58.6%

-

-

-

17.2%

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

20.7%

-

96.5%

Egege et al. 2020 (35)

KBD

17.1%

2.9%

100.0%

NS

100%

8.6%

-

17.3%

-

-

-

-

100.0%

82.9%

100.0%

40.0%

  1. KBD Kirby-bauer disk diffusion method, MIC Minimum inhibitory concentration method, NS Percentage resistance—Not specified, n Number of isolates, CIP Ciprofloxacin, ERY Erythromycin, AMX Amoxicillin, MET Methicillin, OXA Oxacillin, GEN Gentamicin, CHL Chloramphenicol, SXT Sulphamethoxazole, TET Tetracycline, AMP Ampicillin, PEN Penicillin, S Streptomycin, VAN Vancomycin, AUG Augmentin, FOX Cefoxitin, CTR Ceftriaxone;—The antibiotic agent was not included in the antibiotic susceptibility profile of the study