An assessment of health risks posed by consumption of pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables among residents in the Kampala Metropolitan Area in Uganda

Ssemugabo, Charles; Bradman, Asa; Ssempebwa, John C.; Sillé, Fenna; Guwatudde, David

doi:10.1186/s40550-022-00090-9

Table 3 Estimated daily intake (mgkg/bw/day) for fruits and vegetables by age group

From: An assessment of health risks posed by consumption of pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables among residents in the Kampala Metropolitan Area in Uganda

Pesticides	ADI (mg/kg bw/day)	EDI (mgkg/bw/day)
Pesticides	ADI (mg/kg bw/day)	General population	< 5	5-12	13-19	20-24	25-35	36-49	50+
Dithiocarbamate^a	0.05	0.003	0.007	0.004	0.002	0.003	0.002	0.002	0.002
Omethoate	0.002	0.001	0.003^a	0.002	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001
Acephate	0.03	0.003	0.008	0.005	0.003	0.003	0.003	0.002	0.003
Monocrotophos	0.0006	0.0002	0.0005	0.0003	0.0004	0.0002	0.0002	0.0001	0.0002
Vamidothion	0.008	0.0001	0.0003	0.0002	0.0001	0.0001	0.0001	9.4E-05	0.0001
Dimethoate	0.002	0.0008	0.002^a	0.001	0.0008	0.0009	0.0008	0.0007	0.0007
Mevinphos	0.001	0.0001	0.0003	0.0002	0.0001	0.0001	0.0001	9.4E-05	0.0001
Phosphamidon	0.0005	5.9E-06	1.7E-05	9.4E-06	5.8E-06	6.7E-06	5.4E-06	4.7E-06	5.1E-06
Fonofos	0.03	0.7^a	2.0^a	1.2^a	0.7^a	0.8^a	0.8^a	0.6^a	0.6^a
Azamethiphos	0.025	4.1E-05	0.0001	6.6E-05	4.1E-05	4.7E-05	3.8E-05	3.3E-05	3.5E-05
Dichlorvos	0.00008	0.01^a	0.04^a	0.02^a	0.01^a	0.01^a	0.01^a	0.01^a	0.01^a
Malaoxon	0.03	5.9E-05	0.0002	9.4E-05	5.8E-05	6.7E-05	5.4E-05	4.7E-05	5.1E-05
Methidathion	0.001	3.0E-05	8.2E-05	4.7E-05	2.9E-05	3.3E-05	2.7E-05	2.3E-05	2.5E-05
Malathion	0.03	0.0001	0.0003	0.0002	0.0001	0.0001	0.0001	9.4E-05	0.0001
Methacrifos	0.006	4.1E-05	0.0001	6.6E-05	4.1E-05	4.7E-05	3.8E-05	3.3E-05	3.5E-05
Ethoprophos	0.0004	5.9E-05	0.0002	9.4E-05	5.8E-05	6.7E-05	5.4E-05	4.7E-05	5.1E-05
Fenamiphos	0.0008	1.2E-05	3.3E-05	1.9E-05	1.2E-05	1.3E-05	1.1E-05	9.4E-06	1.0E-05
Quinalphos	0.001	0.0005	0.001^a	0.0008	0.0005	0.0005	0.0004	0.0004	0.0004
Coumaphos	0.001	5.3E-07	1.5E-06	8.4E-07	5.2E-07	6.0E-07	4.9E-07	4.2E-07	4.5E-07
Chlorpyriphos-methyl	0.01	0.0002	0.0007	0.0004	0.0002	0.0003	0.0002	0.0002	0.0002
Temephos	0.001	3.0E-05	8.2E-05	4.7E-05	2.9E-05	3.3E-05	2.7E-05	2.3E-05	2.5E-05
Profenofos	0.03	0.06^a	0.2^a	0.1^a	0.06^a	0.07^a	0.06^a	0.05^a	0.05^a
Pirimiphosmethyl	0.03	1.8E-05	4.9E-05	2.8E-05	1.7E-05	2E-05	1.6E-05	1.4E-05	1.5E-05
Fenitrothion	0.005	0.1^a	0.3^a	0.2^a	0.1^a	0.1^a	0.1^a	0.09^a	0.1^a
Aminocarb	0.001	0.0009	0.003^a	0.002^a	0.0009	0.001^a	0.0009	0.0007	0.0008
Methomyl	0.0025	0.0002	0.0005	0.0003	0.0002	0.0002	0.0002	0.0001	0.0001
Aldicarbfragment	0.001	0.0001	0.0003	0.0002	0.0001	0.0001	0.0001	9.4E-05	0.0001
Pirimicarb	0.035	0.0001	0.0003	0.0002	0.0001	0.0001	0.0001	9.4E-05	0.0001
Dioxacarb	0.001	0.02^a	0.06^a	0.03^a	0.02^a	0.02^a	0.02^a	0.02^a	0.02^a
Carbaryl	0.0075	3.0E-05	8.2E-05	4.7E-05	2.9E-05	3.3E-05	2.7E-05	2.3E-05	2.5E-05
Carbofuran	0.00015	5.9E-05	0.0002^a	9.4E-05	5.8E-05	6.7E-05	5.4E-05	4.7E-05	5.1E-05
Alanycarb	0.001	0.1^a	0.3^a	0.2^a	0.1^a	0.1^a	0.1^a	0.09^a	0.1^a
Benfuracarb	0.01	0.09^a	0.2^a	0.1^a	0.09^a	0.1^a	0.08^a	0.07^a	0.08^a
Methiocarb	0.00025	0.0001	0.0003^a	0.0002	0.0001	0.0001	0.0001	9.4E-05	0.0001
Imidacloprid	0.06	0.003	0.008	0.005	0.003	0.003	0.003	0.002	0.003
Acetamiprid	0.025	0.02	0.06^a	0.04^a	0.02	0.03^a	0.02	0.02	0.02
Thiacloprid	0.01	1.2E-05	3.3E-05	1.9E-05	1.2E-05	1.3E-05	1.1E-05	9.4E-06	1.0E-05
Bifenthrin	0.015	0.0007	0.0015	0.001	0.0007	0.0008	0.0007	0.0006	0.0006
Lambda-Cyhalothrin	0.0012	0.001	0.003^a	0.002^a	0.001	0.001	0.0009	0.0008	0.0009
Deltamethrin	0.01	5.9E-05	0.0002	9.4E-05	5.8E-05	6.7E-05	5.4E-05	4.7E-05	5.1E-05
Cypermethrin	0.0016	0.003^a	0.008^a	0.004^a	0.003^a	0.003^a	0.002^a	0.002^a	0.002^a
Carbendazim	0.02	0.0003	0.0008	0.0005	0.0003	0.0003	0.0003	0.0002	0.0003
Imazalil	0.025	0.002	0.005	0.003	0.002	0.002	0.002	0.002	0.002
Metazachlor	0.08	0.0002	0.0005	0.0003	0.0002	0.0002	0.0002	0.0001	0.0002
Metalaxyl	0.08	5.9E-05	0.0002	9.4E-05	5.8E-05	6.7E-05	5.4E-05	4.7E-05	5.1E-05
Azaconazole	0.001	0.0002	0.0007	0.0004	0.0002	0.0003	0.0002	0.0002	0.0002
Clomazone	0.133	3.5E-06	9.9E-06	5.6E-06	3.5E-06	4E-06	3.3E-06	2.8E-06	3.0E-06
Azoxystrobin	0.2	0.01	0.04	0.02	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01
Pyrimethanil	0.17	0.0006	0.002	0.0009	0.0006	0.0007	0.0005	0.0005	0.0005
Spirotetramat	0.05	0.0002	0.0005	0.0003	0.0002	0.0002	0.0002	0.0001	0.0002
Fenhexamid	0.2	0.1	0.4^a	0.2^a	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.1
Fenarimol	0.01	0.002	0.006	0.003	0.002	0.002	0.002	0.002	0.002
Fluazifop	0.004	0.007^a	0.02^a	0.01^a	0.007^a	0.008^a	0.006^a	0.006^a	0.006^a
Flufenoxuron	0.01	1.8E-05	4.9E-05	2.8E-05	1.7E-05	2E-05	1.6E-05	1.4E-05	1.5E-05
Pyriproxyfen	0.05	3.5E-06	9.9E-06	5.6E-06	3.5E-06	4E-06	3.3E-06	2.8E-06	3.0E-06
Quinoxyfen	0.2	0.0002	0.0005	0.0003	0.0002	0.0002	0.0002	0.0001	0.0002
Proquinazid	0.01	0.002	0.005	0.003	0.002	0.002	0.002	0.001	0.001

BDL Below detection limit, ADI Acceptable Daily Intake, EDI Estimated Daily Intake
^aEDI greater than ADI (HQ > 1)

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