An assessment of health risks posed by consumption of pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables among residents in the Kampala Metropolitan Area in Uganda

Ssemugabo, Charles; Bradman, Asa; Ssempebwa, John C.; Sillé, Fenna; Guwatudde, David

doi:10.1186/s40550-022-00090-9

Table 2 Estimated daily intake (mgkg/bw/day) for fruits and vegetables by stage along the chain

From: An assessment of health risks posed by consumption of pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables among residents in the Kampala Metropolitan Area in Uganda

Pesticides	ADI (mg/kg/bw/day)	EDI (mg/kg/bw/day)
Pesticides	ADI (mg/kg/bw/day)	Farm	Market	Street	Restaurant	Home
Dithiocarbamate^a	0.05	0.002	0.003	0.005	0.002	0.002
Omethoate	0.002	4.7E-06	0.002^a	BDL	0.002^a	2.9E-06
Acephate	0.03	0.005	0.004	0.0004	0.002	0.0006
Monocrotophos	0.0006	0.0001	0.0002	0.0002	0.0002	0.0001
Vamidothion	0.008	0.0002	0.0002	5.9E-07	3.54E-06	2.95E-06
Dimethoate	0.002	BDL	0.003^a	BDL	BDL	BDL
Mevinphos	0.001	0.0002	0.0002	2.4E-06	2.4E-06	5.9E-05
Phosphamidon	0.0005	1.2E-06	1.18E-06	1.18E-06	BDL	1.77E-06
Fonofos	0.03	0.8^a	0.9^a	0.006	1.2^a	0.4^a
Azamethiphos	0.025	2.4E-06	5.9E-05	1.2E-06	5.9E-06	BDL
Dichlorvos	0.00008	0.04^a	0.0006^a	0.0004^a	0.002^a	0.003^a
Malaoxon	0.03	4.1E-06	4.1E-06	0.0003	5.9E-05	5.9E-05
Methidathion	0.001	BDL	BDL	1.2E-06	BDL	0.0002
Malathion	0.03	0.0003	BDL	BDL	BDL	2.9E-06
Methacrifos	0.006	BDL	0.0001	BDL	BDL	BDL
Ethoprophos	0.0004	BDL	0.0001	BDL	0.0001	0.0002
Fenamiphos	0.0008	5.9E-08	1.2E-06	5.9E-05	1.8E-06	BDL
Quinalphos	0.001	0.0001	0.0005	0.0004	0.001^a	0.0006
Coumaphos	0.001	1.8E-07	BDL	BDL	BDL	BDL
Chlorpyriphos-methyl	0.01	0.0005	BDL	2.9E-06	0.0006	BDL
Temephos	0.001	BDL	3.5E-06	BDL	2.9E-06	0.0001
Profenofos	0.03	0.1^a	0.04^a	0.04^a	0.06^a	0.004
Pirimiphosmethyl	0.03	BDL	4.7E-06	BDL	BDL	BDL
Fenitrothion	0.005	0.1^a	0.05^a	0.2^a	0.2^a	0.02^a
Aminocarb	0.001	0.0002	0.003^a	0.0001	0.0001	5.9E-05
Methomyl	0.0025	0.0002	0.0003	4.1E-06	0.0002	2.9E-06
Aldicarbfragment	0.001	0.0001	0.0001	0.000177	5.9E-05	0.0001
Pirimicarb	0.035	0.0001	0.0001	BDL	0.0004	5.9E-05
Dioxacarb	0.001	0.03^a	0.02^a	0.02^a	BDL	BDL
Carbaryl	0.0075	2.4E-06	2.4E-06	1.8E-06	BDL	0.0001
Carbofuran	0.00015	4.1E-06	5.9E-07	0.0003^a	0.0002^a	2.9E-07
Alanycarb	0.001	0.1^a	0.1^a	0.06^a	0.1^a	0.2^a
Benfuracarb	0.01	0.2^a	0.05^a	0.02^a	4.7E-13	0.02^a
Methiocarb	0.00025	0.0002	5.9E-05	0.0002	4.1E-06	5.9E-07
Imidacloprid	0.06	0.003	0.002	0.005	0.006	0.001
Acetamiprid	0.025	0.04^a	0.02	0.01	0.01	0.005
Thiacloprid	0.01	3.5E-06	BDL	BDL	BDL	BDL
Bifenthrin	0.015	0.0006	0.002	4.7E-06	0.0002	2.4E-06
Lambda-Cyhalothrin	0.0012	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.0006	0.0006
Deltamethrin	0.01	2.4E-06	0.0002	BDL	BDL	BDL
Cypermethrin	0.0016	0.004^a	0.002^a	0.005^a	0.001	0.0006
Carbendazim	0.02	1.2E-06	0.001	2.4E-06	5.9E-05	4.7E-07
Imazalil	0.025	0.002	0.001	0.004	0.002	0.002
Metazachlor	0.08	0.0002	0.0002	0.0002	0.0002	0.0001
Metalaxyl	0.08	1.2E-06	0.0002	BDL	BDL	BDL
Azaconazole	0.001	4.7E-06	0.0005	0.0004	BDL	0.0006
Clomazone	0.133	1.2E-06	BDL	BDL	BDL	BDL
Azoxystrobin	0.2	0.02	BDL	BDL	0.01	0.04
Pyrimethanil	0.17	0.0002	0.0006	0.001	0.0005	0.0006
Spirotetramat	0.05	0.0003	0.0002	0.0002	2.9E-06	0.0001
Fenhexamid	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.6^a	0.006	0.05
Fenarimol	0.01	0.002	0.0006	0.002	0.002	0.005
Fluazifop	0.004	0.0006	0.02^a	BDL	BDL	BDL
Flufenoxuron	0.01	1.8E-06	2.4E-06	1.8E-07	1.2E-06	4.1E-07
Pyriproxyfen	0.05	BDL	BDL	2.9E-06	BDL	BDL
Quinoxyfen	0.2	0.0002	5.9E-05	0.0003	1.2E-06	0.0003
Proquinazid	0.01	0.003	0.0006	0.002	0.001	BDL

BDL Below detection limit, ADI Acceptable Daily Intake, EDI Estimated Daily Intake
^aEDI greater than ADI (HQ > 1)

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