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Table 2 Sample analysis techniques (GC-MS and LC-MS/MS) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) used to detect and quantify different types of pesticides in our experiments

From: Cabbage or ‘pesticide’ on the platter? Chemical analysis reveals multiple and excessive residues in African vegetable markets

Pesticide

Pesticide group

Technique used

(LOQa) (mg/kg)

Chlorpyriphos

Organophosphate

GC-MS

0.01

Triazophos

Organophosphate

0.01

Cypermethrin

Pyrethroid

0.02

Fenvarelate

Pyrethroid

0.02

Chlorfenapyr

Pyrole

0.01

Acephate

Organophosphate

LC-MS/MS

0.01

Methamidophos

Organophosphate

0.01

Methomyl

Carbamate

0.01

Chorantraniliprole

Diamide

0.01

Imidacloprid

Neonicotinoids

0.01

  1. aLOQ Limit of quantitation