Determination of pesticide residues in honey: a preliminary study from two of Africa’s largest honey producers

Irungu, Janet; Raina, Suresh; Torto, Baldwyn

doi:10.1186/s40550-016-0036-4

Food Safety and Risk

Table 4 Detected pesticide residues in honey obtained from Kenya and Ethiopia

From: Determination of pesticide residues in honey: a preliminary study from two of Africa’s largest honey producers

	Identified pesticide residues
SampleID	ACTM	AF	CF	CAR	CHP	Cy	DEET	DDVP	DM	BPMC	HEX	Mal	Met	Metri	Rot	TBN	THIA
Kenya
Taita	<LOQ	N/D	N/D	N/D	<LOQ	<LOQ	0.708	N/D	N/D	N/D	<LOQ	56.9	N/D	49.4	N/D	<LOQ	<LOQ
VapA	<LOQ	1.37	<LOQ	N/D	<LOQ	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	92.3	1.81	N/D	N/D	N/D	<LOQ
Cab	<LOQ	N/D	N/D	N/D	<LOQ	1.59	<LOQ	N/D	N/D	<LOQ	<LOQ	N/D	1.95	14.1	N/D	N/D	N/D
Nak	N/D	<LOQ	N/D	<LOQ	N/D	N/D	<LOQ	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D
Ken	<LOQ	<LOQ	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	<LOQ	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D
Mwi	N/D	N/D	N/D	1.26	N/D	N/D	1.01	N/D	<LOQ	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D
Kak	<L/OQ	<LOQ	N/D	N/D	N/D	<LOQ	<LOQ	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	<LOQ	N/D	N/D	N/D
ML	ND	N/D	N/D	<LOQ	N/D	N/D	<LOQ	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	34.0	N/D	N/D	N/D
HR	<LOQ	N/D	N/D	2.87	N/D	<LOQ	<LOQ	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	70.4	N/D	N/D	N/D
Gedi	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D
K-B	N/D	N/D	N/D	<LOQ	N/D	N/D	1.37	2.58	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D
K-M	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	<LOQ	<LOQ	<LOQ	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	<LOQ	N/D	N/D	N/D
K-N	<LOQ	N/D	N/D	<LOQ	N/D	N/D	<LOQ	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D
VapB	<LOQ	<LOQ	N/D	N/D	<LOQ	N/D	1.09	N/D	N/D	N/D	1.66	76.7	5.29	N/D	N/D	<LOQ	<LOQ
Ethiopia
MB	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	9.52	N/D	N/D	N/D
Tol	<LOQ	N/D	N/D	N/D	<LOQ	<LOQ	<LOQ	N/D	N/D	<LOQ	N/D	60.5	4.77	11.2	N/D	<LOQ	N/D
Tig	<LOQ	<LOQ	N/D	N/D	<LOQ	<LOQ	<LOQ	N/D	N/D	N/D	<LOQ	15.3	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D
SapV	<LOQ	<LOQ	<LOQ	N/D	<LOQ	<LOQ	<LOQ	N/D	N/D	<LOQ	<LOQ	45.1	1.25	14.2	N/D	<LOQ	<LOQ
E-1	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	2.60	N/D	N/D	N/D
E-2	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	1.16	<LOQ	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	44.2	N/D	N/D	N/D
E-3	<LOQ	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D
E-4	ND	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	7.95	6.99	N/D	N/D
E-5	ND	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D
E-M1	<LOQ	<LOQ	N/D	<LOQ	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D
E-H	<LOQ	N/D	N/D	<LOQ	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D
Tol2	N/D	N/D	1.10	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	3.46	<LOQ	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D
Tig2	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	4.98	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D	N/D
Sap S2	<LOQ	N/D	<LOQ	N/D	<LOQ	10.5	<LOQ	N/D	N/D	<LOQ	<LOQ	22.3	N/D	21.0	N/D	N/D	N/D
MRL	50	10	10	50	*10	*10	*10	*10	*10	*10	*10	50	50	100	10	50	10

*Set at default MRL value; N/D not detected, <LOQ below the quantification limits
Identified pesticide residues: ACTM Acetamiprid, AF Aldicarb fragment, CF Carbofuran, CHP Chlopyrifos, Cy Cymiazole, DDVP Dichlorvos, DM Dimethoate, BPMC Fenobucarb, HEX Hexaconazole, Mal Malathion, Met Metalaxyl, Metri Metribuzin, Rot Rotenone, TBN Tebuconazole, THIA Thiomethoxam

Back to article page

ISSN: 2731-9245

Contact us

General enquiries: journalsubmissions@springernature.com