Table 3 Extraction efficiencies of validated pesticides spiked at LOR, precision in terms of RSD (n = 5) and coefficients of determination for the investigated pesticides
% recovery at LOR (1 ng/g) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No clean-up | PSA | ||||
Compound name | % recovery | % RSD, n = 5 | % recovery | % RSD, n = 5 | R^2 |
Acephate | 70.1 | 2.6 | 97.4 | 4.7 | 0.9989 |
Acetamiprid | 82.6 | 3.2 | 115.0 | 3.9 | 0.9982 |
Aldicarb fragment | 73.0 | 0.9 | 102.8 | 1.5 | 0.9476 |
Amidosulfuron | 87.1 | 1.2 | 54.2 | 24.3 | 0.9990 |
Azoxystrobin | 84.5 | 4.5 | 90.8 | 4.9 | 0.9986 |
Benalaxyl | 87.6 | 3.3 | 87.5 | 1.5 | 0.9989 |
Bifenazate | 89.6 | 2.4 | 96.3 | 4.3 | 0.9919 |
Bifenthrin | 91.3 | 6.5 | 99.0 | 5.0 | 0.9996 |
Bitertanol | 85.7 | 0.4 | 89.9 | 0.1 | 0.9982 |
Bosclid (Nicobifen) | 81.7 | 0.7 | 88.2 | 1.5 | 0.9977 |
Bromuconazole | 117.3 | 11.5 | 102.3 | 9.3 | 0.9991 |
Bupirimate | 87.6 | 1.7 | 95.6 | 4.1 | 0.9998 |
Buprofezin | 81.9 | 9.0 | 86.1 | 4.3 | 0.9985 |
Carbaryl | 83.8 | 1.8 | 118.3 | 1.3 | 0.9980 |
Carbofuran | 67.8 | 3.1 | 115.8 | 5.1 | 0.9987 |
Chlorfenvinphos | 95.0 | 5.7 | 103.0 | 1.1 | 1.0000 |
Chlorpyriphos | 93.1 | 6.2 | 99.3 | 1.8 | 0.9996 |
Chlorpyriphos-methyl | 82.9 | 16.9 | 92.7 | 8.6 | 0.9990 |
Clofentezin | 93.8 | 1.8 | 94.0 | 1.9 | 0.9996 |
Coumaphos | 70.3 | 4.7 | 75.9 | 3.3 | 0.9935 |
Cyazofamid | 108.4 | 9.4 | 113.6 | 1.6 | 0.9992 |
Cymiazol | 86.6 | 0.5 | 109.6 | 5.9 | 0.9987 |
Cyproconazole | 84.8 | 0.9 | 89.2 | 4.1 | 0.9976 |
Cyprodinil | 93.7 | 1.0 | 96.7 | 1.6 | 0.9995 |
DEET | 68.5 | 3.3 | 96.1 | 4.0 | 0.9999 |
Diazinon | 87.6 | 3.6 | 100.4 | 0.5 | 0.9999 |
Dichlorvos | 72.8 | 15.4 | 101.4 | 10.9 | 0.9998 |
Diflubenzuron | 95.6 | 0.4 | 99.5 | 3.9 | 0.9999 |
Dimethoate | 67.5 | 2.9 | 108.7 | 0.3 | 0.9997 |
Diuron | 55.9 | 0.7 | 98.4 | 4.7 | 0.9979 |
Epoxyconazol | 100.4 | 8.4 | 100.7 | 0.4 | 1.0000 |
Ethion | 74.9 | 7.1 | 82.8 | 8.9 | 0.9986 |
Ethoprophos | 91.6 | 3.7 | 103.8 | 11.8 | 0.9998 |
Etofenprox | 95.2 | 0.8 | 101.3 | 2.8 | 1.0000 |
Fenamiphos | 100.2 | 8.9 | 103.8 | 2.0 | 0.9991 |
Fenazaquin | 95.1 | 2.3 | 99.5 | 5.2 | 0.9999 |
Fenbuconazole | 94.9 | 1.9 | 101.3 | 0.4 | 1.0000 |
Fenobucarb | 83.0 | 5.1 | 96.7 | 0.3 | 0.9999 |
Fipronil | 99.7 | 2.6 | 98.3 | 13.7 | 0.9982 |
Flazasulfuron | 87.1 | 3.7 | 25.7 | 62.6 | 0.9995 |
Fludioxonil | 75.6 | 5.3 | 62.2 | 1.8 | 0.9981 |
Flufenacet | 82.2 | 14.1 | 79.1 | 17.0 | 0.9926 |
Fluquinconazole | 68.3 | 6.9 | 68.3 | 1.7 | 0.9981 |
Flusilazole | 79.5 | 4.7 | 90.9 | 6.1 | 0.9991 |
Flutriafol | 93.5 | 4.9 | 93.9 | 1.8 | 0.9999 |
Fosthiazate | 73.2 | 4.1 | 109.4 | 1.6 | 0.9998 |
Hexaconazole | 94.6 | 0.3 | 98.8 | 0.9 | 1.0000 |
Hexythiazox | 89.7 | 2.7 | 98.2 | 0.8 | 0.9997 |
Imidacloprid | 69.3 | 6.0 | 101.4 | 3.4 | 0.9996 |
Indoxacarb | 93.2 | 1.1 | 96.8 | 1.9 | 0.9998 |
Ipconazole | 89.8 | 2.4 | 95.7 | 4.9 | 0.9996 |
Iprovalicarb | 90.7 | 13.6 | 100.6 | 9.9 | 0.9988 |
Isoxaflutole | 91.4 | 0.5 | 76.0 | 5.7 | 0.9951 |
Kresoxim-methyl | 108.8 | 10.7 | 113.5 | 13.2 | 0.9962 |
Linuron | 76.3 | 7.1 | 74.0 | 3.0 | 0.9958 |
Lufenuron | 91.9 | 15.8 | 90.2 | 9.0 | 0.9990 |
Malathion | 78.8 | 8.3 | 86.3 | 1.0 | 0.9972 |
Metalaxyl | 83.1 | 1.3 | 91.4 | 0.7 | 0.9995 |
Metconazole | 78.2 | 11.0 | 81.0 | 8.2 | 0.9984 |
Methidathion | 72.7 | 8.2 | 89.5 | 2.6 | 0.9993 |
Methomyl | 96.1 | 0.4 | 114.6 | 3.5 | 0.9996 |
Metolachlor | 111.6 | 1.1 | 115.3 | 3.7 | 0.9984 |
Metribuzin | 66.3 | 14.3 | 115.4 | 2.8 | 0.9976 |
Metsulfuron-methyl | 121.6 | 0.5 | 53.5 | 28.1 | 0.9994 |
Monocrotophos | 77.9 | 0.4 | 112.5 | 2.7 | 0.9968 |
Nicosulfuron | 90.1 | 2.1 | 10.5 | 39.9 | 0.9994 |
Novaluron | 94.9 | 0.2 | 95.5 | 0.6 | 0.9999 |
Omethoate | 78.3 | 5.9 | 81.3 | 15.8 | 0.9995 |
Oxamyl | 72.9 | 15.3 | 112.4 | 2.5 | 0.9995 |
Picoxystrobin | 93.1 | 2.6 | 101.4 | 9.4 | 0.9992 |
Pirimicarb | 87.0 | 2.5 | 113.1 | 0.4 | 0.9992 |
Pirimiphos-methyl | 99.3 | 1.0 | 112.2 | 4.4 | 0.9999 |
Prochloraz | 79.9 | 0.4 | 80.1 | 1.2 | 0.9978 |
Procymidon | 79.9 | 6.0 | 111.7 | 10.9 | 0.9956 |
Profenofos | 98.5 | 3.7 | 109.2 | 11.2 | 0.9994 |
Promecarb | 85.1 | 1.3 | 87.7 | 0.2 | 0.9993 |
Propamocarb | 62.8 | 0.0 | 29.7 | 83.9 | 0.9996 |
Propargit | 25.2 | 52.7 | 76.5 | 19.8 | 0.9983 |
Pyraclostrobin | 80.0 | 10.4 | 88.1 | 5.6 | 0.9972 |
Pyridaben | 84.3 | 1.5 | 87.2 | 1.2 | 0.9998 |
Pyriproxyfen | 92.7 | 4.4 | 100.4 | 1.0 | 1.0000 |
Rotenone | 97.7 | 1.9 | 113.0 | 1.7 | 0.9985 |
Spinosyn A | 92.0 | 0.8 | 95.9 | 0.8 | 0.9999 |
Spinosyn D | 85.1 | 0.1 | 92.3 | 2.0 | 0.9997 |
Tebuconazole | 92.1 | 4.0 | 97.1 | 0.1 | 0.9993 |
Tebufenozid | 75.3 | 0.5 | 87.7 | 9.5 | 0.9958 |
Temephos | 94.4 | 1.6 | 95.5 | 2.6 | 0.9999 |
Tetraconazole | 83.1 | 6.1 | 108.6 | 3.1 | 0.9997 |
Thiabendazol | 91.3 | 2.7 | 110.9 | 1.9 | 0.9946 |
Thiacloprid | 67.7 | 0.4 | 108.2 | 1.8 | 0.9995 |
Thiamethoxam | 55.4 | 5.5 | 100.0 | 1.6 | 1.0000 |
Thiodicarb | 78.3 | 1.0 | 102.4 | 3.5 | 0.9996 |
Triadimenol | 73.7 | 8.5 | 69.8 | 13.5 | 0.9903 |
Triadimefon | 85.6 | 8.9 | 83.8 | 2.2 | 0.9948 |
Tribenuron-methyl | 71.8 | 4.9 | 65.7 | 13.4 | 0.9997 |
Trifloxystrobin | 94.7 | 3.1 | 100.6 | 0.6 | 0.9999 |